What’s the difference between beatification and canonization?

Subtle
differences need certain light in a canonization process. Scholasticism
advocates that we always distinguish. Benedict XVI will be beatifying his
friend, colleague and boss, Pope John Paul II on May 1. So, the faithful are
asking what’s the difference between the ecclesial acts of beatification and
canonization?

The Holy See told us what’s considered to be the distinguishing
marks of any beatification. There are three differences:

  • location of dioceses
    that can hold annual public liturgical celebrations in the holy person’s honor;
  • who ceremonially requests the pope to act;
  • and the level of papal authority
    involved in the proclamation.

What Pope Benedict has worked hard to remind the
Church, “at a beatification ceremony, the bishop of the diocese where the
person dies asks that the candidate be declared blessed; at a canonization, the
prefect of the Congregation for Saints’ Causes speaks in the name of the whole
church and asks that the candidate be declared a saint.”

But a central
difference between a beatification and canonization is that with a canonization
there is an act of declaring dogmatically, that God has revealed this person
with Him in beatitude. Essentially, it is a matter of papal infallibility.
Being a saint is a dogmatic statement; being a blessed is not. A saint can be
liturgically commemorated at the sacred Liturgy worldwide and remembered in
other circumstances like naming buildings after the person. When the Church
says a person is a blessed, it is an administrative act of the papal office; a
blessed can be liturgically commemorated is limited to certain circumstances,
like where the person lives or in the houses of the religious congregation
should the person be a religious.

Saint Benedict-Joseph Labre

Benedict-Joseph Labre ACavallucci.jpgBlessed are the poor in spirit for theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven; Blessed are the pure in heart for they shall see God. (MT 5:3,8)

Saint Benedict-Joseph Labre is one of the most endearing saints of the Church; some call him a misfit among the saints for his sensitivities, honesty and gentleness. There is so much about him that draws the heart: he was persistent in his pursuit of a religious vocation but never found a home among the Cistercian or the Carthusian monks, he was a perpetual pilgrim, a made of exactness in religious devotion, and a man known as the “saint of the Forty Hours” (the forty hours is a devotion of adoration of the Blessed Sacrament). The Scriptures were his constant companion and guide for life. He’s a great example of following the Pauline spirituality. Ultimately, his vocation was lived as a Third Order Franciscan.

Benedict-Joseph was born on March 26, 1748 in Amettes, France, the eldest child of 15. At 35, he died of malnutrition on this date in 1783 during Holy Week on the steps of the Church of Santa Maria dei Monti with the consolation of the sacraments. How interesting that his liturgical memorial falls on the very edge of the Lord’s triumphant journey into Jerusalem. Labre was canonized by Pope Leo in 1881.
Saint Benedict-Joseph is the patron of the homeless, those making pilgrimages, for those who make adoration of the Eucharistic Lord in the Blessed Sacrament a regular spiritual gesture, and for those who suffer from mental illness, depression, anxiety.

Read a brief biography of Saint Benedict-Joseph here.
The Guild of Saint Benedict-Joseph Labre has an old website and they’re promising a new one this spring.

Saint Stanislaus, bishop & martyr

St Stanislaus, BM-2.jpgAs a child my sister, cousin and I were enrolled in St Stanislaus School (New Haven, CT) under the guidance of the Vincentians and the Sisters of the Holy Family of Nazareth. The great bishop and martyr has been in my consciousness for some time and it was a privilege to make deeper connections with the saint when I was in Krakow a number of years ago. We Poles regard the sainted bishop and martyr Stanislaus as Poland’s Saints Thomas Becket and Thomas More who took a stand against societal and governmental injustice. Today, we’d use the term “speak truth to power” to capture what Stanislaus did in his native Poland.

The Collect for today’s Mass reads, “Father, to honor you, Saint Stanislaus faced martyrdom with courage. Keep us strong and loyal in our faith until death.”

Stanislaus was born July 26, 1030, educated in Poland’s capital city Gniezno and at Paris. His skills were recognized by the bishop of Krakow as he was appointed the archdeacon and preacher. In 1072, Stanislaus was elected bishop of Krakow. J. Michael Thompson’s hymn captures the life of Stanislaus:

Continue reading Saint Stanislaus, bishop & martyr

Saint Turibius de Mongrovejo

St Toribio de Mogrovejo.jpg

Saint Turibius de Mongrovejo is little known in these parts but he’s one saint that ought not to be missed. He’s the first recognized saint of the Americas. He served as the Archishop of Lima for 26 years having been born in Spain. Turibius was a professor of Law at the University of Salamanca.
He was a saint who gave saints sacraments: history tells us that he the sacrament of Confirmation to Saint Rose of Lima and likely to Saint Martin de Porres.
His care for the poor and those on the margins is well known. He wanted to curb clergy misconduct, civil corruption, and social malaise. He advocated for those enslaved.
The hymn below best describes the saint.

We keep as our pattern the teaching here spoken:

In faith and in love of Christ Jesus, the Son.
For we are entrusted to guard something precious,
And only by the Spirit can this work be done.
Toribio, bishop of Lima, was faithful;
As pastor, he was a good shepherd to all
The people God placed in his care, so he led them
By preaching the Word to both great and small.
His love for the poor and the needy is legend,
And so is his work for the people enslaved;
His preaching for justice was met with great hatred,
But firm was his faith in the Master who saved!
Give praise to the Father, who calls forth good shepherds;
Give praise to the Son, who has showed us the Way;
Give praise to the Spirit, who guides our Church’s leaders!
To God, One-in-Three, we give thanks ev’ry day.
J. Michael Thompson
Copyright © 2010, WLP
Irregular; KREMSER

Saint Cyril of Jerusalem

Christ, the Savior born on earthSt Cyril of Jerusalem2.jpg

That we might have second birth,
Died and rose, that we might be
In your death from death made free!
Hear the song of fervent praise
We your faithful people raise.
Taught by Cyril, we are blest
In your mysteries to rest;
Brought by grace to learn your way
In the Eucharist each day;
As he preached this lesson true:
How we die and live in you!
God, the blessèd Three-in-One,
May your holy will be done.
With your sacraments, were led
To the Christ, the Living Bread.
With Saint Cyril, we rejoice,
Praising you with mind and voice!
77 77 77
DIX

J. Michael Thompson
Copyright © 2010, WPL

Saint Patrick

St Patrick.jpg

The Office of Readings for the feast of Saint Patrick offers a different reading than what is below. In fact, I would urge you to read the Office of Readings for Saint Patrick just so you get to know the real person versus the fiction one hears on his feast, at least around these parts. I am thinking of what it means to live in the awareness of having spiritual patrernity (or spiritual maternity if you are a woman reading this post). We often do not hear much of spiritual fatherhood these days; it is not in vogue in many mainline Catholic centers, unfortunately. But when one considers the fact that we all, because we are baptised into Christ’s death and resurrection, and that we have been given the gifts of mercy, Confirmation and Eucharist, we witness to the Good News of Salvation. By our clear testimony we shepherd others who do not know Christ to know Him. Our very words and actions betry our belief in Christ. The homily of Saint Asterius of Amasea exhorts us to be like Christ the Good Shepherd. Are we up for the challenge on this feast of Saint Patrick? In what ways is your heart like Jesus’ heart? Will you pray for the grace to be a spiritual father or mother to those who need your testimony?


You were made in the image of God. If then you wish to resemble him, follow his example. Since the very name you bear as Christians is a profession of love for men, imitate the love of Christ.


Reflect for a moment on the wealth of his kindness. Before he came as a man to be among men, he sent John the Baptist to preach repentance and lead men to practice it. John himself was preceded by the prophets, who were to teach the people to repent, to return to God and to amend their lives. Then Christ came himself, and with his own lips cried out: Come to me, all you who labour and are overburdened, and I will give you rest. How did he receive those who listened to his call? He readily forgave them their sins; he freed them instantly from all that troubled them. The Word made them holy; the Spirit set his seal on them. The old Adam was buried in the waters of baptism; the new man was reborn to the vigor of grace.


What was the result? Those who had been God’s enemies became his friends, those estranged from him became his sons, those who did not know him came to worship and love him.


Let us then be shepherds like the Lord. We must meditate on the Gospel, and as we see in this mirror the example of zeal and loving kindness, we should become thoroughly schooled in these virtues.


For there, obscurely, in the form of a parable, we see a shepherd who had a hundred sheep. When one of them was separated from the flock and lost its way, that shepherd did not remain with the sheep who kept together at pasture. No, he went off to look for the stray. He crossed many valleys and thickets, he climbed great and towering mountains, he spent much time and labour in wandering through solitary places until at last he found his sheep.


When he found it, he did not chastise it; he did not use rough blows to drive it back, but gently placed it on his own shoulders and carried it back to the flock. He took greater joy in this one sheep, lost and found, than in all the others.


Let us look more closely at the hidden meaning of this parable. The sheep is more than a sheep, the shepherd more than a shepherd. They are examples enshrining holy truths. They teach us that we should not look on men as lost or beyond hope; we should not abandon them when they are in danger or be slow to come to their help. When they turn away from the right path and wander, we must lead them back, and rejoice at their return, welcoming them back into the company of those who lead good and holy lives.

Saints Perpetua and Felicity

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Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? Shall
tribulation or distress or persecution, or famine or nakedness or peril or
sword? No, in these things we are more than conquerors through Him that loved
us. I am persuaded that neither death nor life, nor angels, nor height, nor
depth, nor any other creature shall be able to separate us from the love of
God, which is in Christ Jesus our Lord. Amen.

Saint Gabriel of the Sorrowful Mother

St Gabriel of the Addolorata.jpgO good St. Gabriel, God inspired you to love the passion of Jesus as it was reflected in the heart of Mary, his mother. By her side, you stood beneath the cross of Jesus, gazing on him as she did, and sharing her compassion. O St. Gabriel, we wish, like you, to grow in love for God and all his people. Remember us in the trials of our life. Remember especially those who are young and in need.

Support us, all our days, by your holy prayers. And when this life is done, may we join you in heaven in the joyful company of Jesus and Mary. Amen.


Francesco Possenti’s love of Jesus Christ was mediated
through Mary. No wonder that his name in religion would be “Gabriel of the
Sorrowful Mother
.”


Francesco Possenti was born on 1 March 1838 in Assisi; he
was the 11th child. On 21 September 1856,  Francesco received the religious habit of the Congregation of
the Passion (the Passionists) and was given the name “Gabriel of the Sorrowful
Mother
.” His love for the Mother of God under the title of “Sorrowful Mother”
was intimate, intense and beautiful. She taught him what it meant to be at the
foot of the Cross. In few years on earth Gabriel cultivated a profound love for
the Christ Crucified. At a young age Gabriel was diagnosed with tuberculosis,
dying only days before he could be ordained a priest.


On this date in 1862 at 24 and
6 years a Passionist, Brother Gabriel died. Pope Benedict XV canonized him on May 13, 1920 and
declared him a patron of Catholic youth. In 1959, Blessed Pope John XXIII named
him the patron of the Abruzzi region, where he lived prior to death. He’s also
revered by seminarians, novices and those with an abiding desire to be with
Christ.

It was through Gabriel’s intercession that Saint Gemma Galgani was cured.

Saint Polycarp

St Polycarp3.jpg

If you really want to know what tradition is look at the life of today’s
saint. Saint Polycarp had indirect knowledge of Jesus: he had known those who
had direct knowledge of the Savior. Polycarp was a disciple of the Beloved
Disciple, Saint John the Evangelist, who had converted him around the year AD 80.
And from Saint Irenaeus of Lyons, we learn that Polycarp taught him as a young
man what he learned about Jesus and the Kingdom from the Apostles, which the
Church hands down, which are true.
 Irenaeus testifies to the seriousness, holiness, and the devotion
Polycarp had for Christ.

The Martyrology tells us that Polycarp became bishop
of Smyrna and administered the diocese for some 70 years. He defended the
Church’s orthodox faith against those who taught a different doctrine,
especially Marcionism and Valentinianism (the most influential of the Gnostic
sects).

From a hagiography

“At Smyrna, the death of St. Polycarp. He was a disciple of the holy apostle John, who consecrated him bishop of that city; and there he acted as the primate of all Asia Minor. Later, under Marcus Antoninus and Lucius Aurelius Commodus, he was brought before the tribunal of the proconsul; and when all the people in the amphitheater cried out against him, he was handed over to be burned to death. But since the fire caused him no harm, he was put to death by the sword. Thus he gained the crown of martyrdom. With him, twelve other Christians, who came from Philadelphia, met death by martyrdom in the same city”


Pius Parsch
The Church’s Year of Grace

3 new saints for the Church universal

Consistory of Cardinals meet to canonize saints Feb 21 2011.jpgThe Pope called an ordinary consistory of cardinals to today to discuss and then announce that 3 new saints are to recognized. The new saints: Don Luigi Guanella, Don Guido Maria Conforti and Sister Bonifacia Rodriquez de Castro.

  • Blessed Luigi Guanella founded Congregation of the Servants of Charity and the Institute of the Daughters of Saint Mary of Providence
  • Blessed Guido Maria Conforti founded the Xavierian Missionaries
  • Blessed Bonifacia Rodriquez de Castro founded the Congregation of the Servants of Saint Joseph
The Sacrifice of the Mass and the Rite of Canonization will take place on October 23.